PONDICHERRY MARITIME ACADEMY

International maritime signal flags are various flags used to communicate with ships. The principal system of flags and associated codes is the International Code of Signals. Various navies have flag systems with additional flags and codes, and other flags are used in special uses, or have historical significance A Alfa - Diver below (when stationary); I am undergoing a speed trial B Bravo - I am taking on or discharging explosives C Charlie - (affirmative) D Delta - keep clear of me, I am manoevering with difficulty E Echo - I am altering my course to starboard F Foxtrot - I am disabled, communicate with me G Golf - I require a pilot H Hotel - I have a pilot on board I India - I am altering my course to port J Juliett - I am going to send a message by semaphore K Kilo - you should stop your vessel instantly L Lima - you should stop, I have something important to communicate M Mike - I have a doctor on board N November - no (negative) O Oscar - man overboar

It might be hard for most of us to distinguish between one fire and another but we want to explain the cause of a Class F fire because they’re entirely feasible in all buildings that have kitchens. This month, Target Fire Protection are here to explain how best to extinguish this type of fire to ensure that you and all others in the same building remain safe and sound. What is a Class Fire F? A Class F fire involves fat or cooking oil and although this is technically a sub-class fire because they’re the cause of flammable liquids or gases, this type differs from conventional fires because they burn at incredibly higher temperatures. Flammable liquids, like petrol, have low auto ignition and flash temperatures, whereas fats and cooking oils need temperatures of around 340°C to burst into flames. These liquids have such unique characteristics because of their unusual flash point, that they have been placed into their very own category. Due to the nature of the liquids, Class F fires

INTRODUCTION Autonomous ships, also known as Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), are crewless vessels that transport either containers or bulk cargo over navigable waters with little or no human interaction. Different methods and levels of autonomy can be achieved through monitoring and remote control from a nearby manned ship, an onshore control center or through artificial intelligence and machine learning, letting the vessel itself decide the course of action. Autonomous cargo ships are by some in the shipping industry viewed as the next logical step within maritime shipping, noting the general trend of automating tasks and reducing crews on ships Autonomous ships achieve autonomy by the use of technologies similarly found in autonomous cars and autopilots. Sensors provide data with the help of infrared and visual spectrum cameras supplemented by radar, sonar, lidar, GPS and AIS which will be able to supply data for navigational use. Other data such as meteorological

Even though it may be t-shirt weather and the air is warm, the water can still be very cold. Because the majority of us do not participate in cold water activities, we are unaware of how our bodies react in early and late season conditions.  On average, 200 people die each year from cold water immersion. If you're heading out on the water this winter, or even doing some work around the shoreline, there are a few things that you should know about Cold Water Immersion and Hypothermia.  Always wear a PFD (Personal Floatation Device) or life jacket when boating in early or late season weather. There is also a wide selection of Hypothermia clothing available. The Huddle Technique Important Steps: It is important to keep your head out of the water. A large percentage of your body heat is lost through your head, so it is critical to keep dry. Cold temperatures significantly decrease your physical ability. Swimming will be more difficult and you will not be able to swim as far. Heat Escape