# 1 SECURING THE PILOT LADDER

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The securing of the pilot ladder is the most important link in the pilot ladder safety chain.

With all the regulations in place there are no guidelines on how to secure a pilot ladder to the ship. Since many times the pilot ladder cannot be secured at full length, due to the varying freeboard at specific loading conditions, it has to be secured at intermediate length. That can only be done in a safe way when the following conditions are met

  1. The weight of the ladder can not be transferred to the steps, the spreaders or the chocks, since they are not intended to be used for this purpose.
  1. The securing arrangement must be such that no damage is done to the structural integrity of the pilot ladder.

ROLLING HITCH I

ROLLING HITCH II

ROLLING HITCH III

The Pilot Ladder should be secured to the ship’s deck, on designated strong points, by means of the ladder’s side ropes. 

The weight of the ladder must be transferred from ladder’s side ropes to the strong point on deck to the directly. Never use the ladder’s steps, spreaders or chocks to carry the weight of the ladder since they are not designed for this and are not strong enough. For this reason, shackles, bars and tongues should never be used to secure the ladder to the deck.  They will damage the ladder and put weight on the parts which are not designed to carry the weight.

The easiest way to secure the ladder is the use of two strong (at least 2 x 24 kN) manila ropes directly attached to each side rope of the pilot ladder, by means of a rolling hitch knot. This will transfer the weight of the ladder arrangement directly onto the designated strong point and will not damage the ladder in any way. 


ROLLING HITCH IV

The Rolling Hitch Knot in 4 steps

The ladder should be rigged over the deck edge, in an opening in the ship’s railing or over a bulwark. In the latter case a bulwark ladder must be used for safe access. Ideally, the deck edge should be rounded to prevent the cutting or damaging of the pilot ladder’s side ropes.

In the next picture, the design and the rigging of the pilot ladder has been done by the book. This ensures 1) a correct weight transfer from the ladder onto the deck, and 2) there is no excessive wear caused by sharp edges or incorrect load on the ladder’s parts. In this case the strongpoints have been certified to 4 tons SWL. A top job!

The rolling hitch knot used on a well rigged pilot-ladder arrangement. ( Ideally the securing ropes should be manila ) . Observe the marked strong points on deck (SWL 4T) Pic: Cpt. Gary Clay, 

Always use a designated strong point to secure the ladder. Never use railings or pipelines since they have no certified strength.



Securing of the Pilot Ladder

From a design point of view there is a lot that can be improved to make te securing of the ladder an easy job

In some cases the design of the Pilot Access Area is so poor that it seems hand railings with sharp edges are the only option to secure the ladder. This will cause damage and wear to the ropes of the ladder.

The following poster is a very clear instruction posted at the pilot boarding area onboard some Maersk vessels. It is an excellent example of good practice and leaves no doubt what a properly secured pilot ladder should look like:

In the next picture it is clear that the design of the pilot ladder access point sometimes does not allow for the required length of rope to secure the ladder, like in the previous case. There are two eyes, which are only inches away from the rounded edge and therefore useless. In this case, two designated eyes (strong points) should have been welded onto the main deck , preferably at a good distance from the ship’s side, well marked and load tested to at least 48 kN each, which is the total MBL ( Minimum Breaking Load ) of the side ropes.

 


The following pictures show four methods of intermediate securing of pilot ladders which are not recommended by pilots for various reasons. ( see the description under each picture)


Deck Tongue: all weight rests on the steps



Steel Bar: damaging to the chocks and steps of the ladder



D-Schackles: damaging to the chocks and steps of the ladder
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The spreader as a securing device: it is not designed to carry the weight




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